In 1954, the United States Federal Civil Defense Agency instituted an exercise called Operation Alert. It was a civil defense drill that took place on the same day in scores of major cities. Citizens in what were called the "target" areas were required to take cover for fifteen minutes. At the same time civil defense officials tested their readiness and their communications systems, and federal officials practiced evacuating from the capital. Even President Eisenhower left the White House for a tent city outside Washington. The following day newspapers routinely published reports of the fictitious attacks naming the number of bombs that were dropped in the mock alerts, the number of cities hit, and the number of casualties.
In 1955, New York State made the failure to take cover during an Operation Alert exercise punishable with a fine of up to $500 and a year in jail. A small group of pacifists that included Catholic Worker Dorothy Day reacted to this law by staging a protest in Manhattan's City Hall Park. When the air raid sirens sounded, on June 15, 1955, the 27 protesters sat on park benches, surrounded by reporters. They explained that they were protesting the government's pretense that citizens could be protected in the event of a full-scale nuclear attack. The protesters were arrested and given suspended sentences.
The pacifists held similar protests every year. But it wasn't until a group of young mothers organized a much larger-scale demonstration in 1960 that the rest of New York took notice. The women managed to draw hundreds of protesters, including celebrities like Norman Mailer, to City Hall Park on May 3, the day of the 1960 Operation Alert. The organizers appealed to the political center; encouraged protesters to dress in their best clothes and to bring their children; and claimed to represent just one belief: "Peace is the only defense against nuclear war."
There was one more Operation Alert in 1961. The young mothers managed to bring together two-and-a-half-thousand protesters. That year civil defense protests also took place in other states, and hundreds of college students staged demonstrations on several East Coast campuses. In 1962 Operation Alert was permanently canceled.
ABOVE IS ONE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN TRANSIT DEPARTMENTS SET UP IN A KOREAN WAR SURPLUS MAYBE EVEN WORLD WAR TWO TENT, THE US GOVERNMENT AT THE TIME WAS VERY BUSY BUILDING ELABORATE BUNKERS AROUND THE UNITED STATES LIKE THE GREENBRIAR, RAVEN ROCK, MOUNT WEATHER , AND OTHER COVERT PLACES TO HOST THE CONGRESS OR SENATE OR PRESIDENT OR VICE PRESIDENT EACH WITH A HAND SELECTED ADMINISTRATION THOSE PICKED WERE ISSUED CARDS THAT STATED THE BEARER WAS TO BE ALLOWED UNRESTRICTED MOVEMENT AND HELP IF REQUESTED DUE TO ESSENTIAL GOVERNMENT DUTIES. THESE MEN AND WOMEN WOULD HAVE TO LEAVE BEHIND FAMILIES TO BE INCINERATED BY THE COMING ATTACK, I DON'T THINK THEY REALLY EVER KNEW WHO WOULD BE ABLE TO DO THIS AND WOULD STAY BEHIND.DURING THE OPERATION ALERT YEARS A MEDIA SESSION WOULD BE SET UP SHOWING THE PRESIDENT LEAVING VIA HELICOPTER TO GO TO HIS HIDDEN SHELTER AND OTHER MEDIA SHOWED DOZENS OF HELICOPTERS FERRYING ESSENTIAL MILITARY PERSONNEL FROM THE PENTAGON LAWN AS OTHER LESS FORTUNATE POLITICIANS EVEN THE VICE PRESIDENT SHELTERING IN BUNKERS UNDER THE WHITE HOUSE OR ON LOCAL MILITARY BASES.
BELOW 2 PICTURES SHOW FIRST WHAT LOOKS LIKE FDNY? GO OVER A NEW CHRYSLER LIBERTY BELL VICTORY SIREN A LATE 1950s SIREN AND BELOW THIS PICTURE OFFICIALS GATHER ON A NYC ROOFTOP TO KICK OFF PROBABLY ONE OF THE FIRST OP ALERTS IN THE EARLY 1950s BOTH PICTURES SHOW THE SAME ROOFTOP EDGE GUARDS AND COULD BE THE SAME ROOFTOP WITH DIFFERENT SIRENS THE FIRST PICTURE SHOWS THE CHRYSLER SIREN WHAT PROBABLY HAS A BIG SIX CYLINDER CAR OR TRUCK ENGINE PUSHING THE BLOWER IN THAT SIREN AND IT PROBABLY NO I'D SAY DEFINITELY MADE A HELL OF A NOISE THE EARLIER PHOTO BELOW THE FIRST MAY BE A SURPLUS WORLD WAR TWO SIREN IF ANY SIREN EXPERTS KNOW PLEASE LET ME KNOW.
INSTRUCTING PASSENGERS WHAT TO DO IF THE ALERT BEGINS AND THEY ARE ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
(BELOW )NYPD KEEP WATCH NEAR NYC TRANSIT BUSES THAT PULLED OVER WHEN THE ALERT STARTED FORCING THE RIDERS IN TO SHELTERS.
(BELOW) THOSE FORCED FROM THE STREETS OR WERE IN PLACES WORKING OR SHOPPING MAKE THEIR WAY INTO THE BASEMENT SHELTER OF WHAT LOOKS LIKE A LARGE BUILDING'S BASEMENT SHELTER, AND THAT IS ALL THEY WERE ,NOT STOCKED OR ASSESSED A PROTECTIVE FACTOR AGAINST RADIATION. THESE SHELTERS WERE NOT SET UP FOR LONG TERM OR EVEN SHORT TERM STAYS UNLESS A BUILDING OR STORE OWNER STOCKED IT WITH SUPPLIES ON THEIR OWN DOLLAR, THE NATIONAL FALLOUT SHELTER PROGRAM STARTED IN 1961 AND MARKED SHELTER LOCATIONS WITH THE ALL FAMILIAR BLACK AND ORANGE/YELLOW SIGNS WITH THREE DOWNWARD TRIANGLES , THESE LOCATIONS WERE ASSESSED A PF AGAINST RADIATION AND HAD WATER AND VARIOUS RATIONS TO OFFER SHELTER INHABITANTS POSSIBLY A WEEKS WORTH OF SUPPLIES WITH SOME SHELTERS STOCKED WITH RADIOLOGICAL MEASURING GEAR.(*note this photo appears in another post about los angeles civil defense drills and was mistakenly identified as a california picture)
ABOVE NEW YORKERS AWAIT THE ALL CLEAR IN ONE OF NEW YORKS MANY SUBWAY STATIONS BY VOLUNTEER CIVIL DEFENSE WORKERS, NYC AND NEW YORK STATE REALLY GOT BEHIND THE WHOLE CIVIL DEFENSE PROGRAM MAYOR LaGUARDIA AND WAGNER AND NYS GOV. ROCKEFELLER WERE VERY PRO CIVIL DEFENSE AND ADVOCATED AND ALLOCATED FUNDING FOR MANY CIVIL DEFENSE PROGRAMS ,EQUIPMENT, EDUCATION, AND SET UP A WORKING VOLUNTEER CIVIL DEFENSE ORGANIZATION,
OPERATION ALERT 1954-1956 NEW YORK CITY NEWSREELS
THE NEWSREELS BELOW ARE OF VARIOUS OPERATION ALERT DRILLS NATIONAL ATOMIC ATTACK MANDATORY DRILLS THAT OCCURED IN THE MID 1950s MORE OF THESE LOST FILMS OF A VERY DIFFERENT NYC ARE BEING RESTORED AND RELEASED ALTHOUGH THESE DRILLS WERE WIDELY THOUGHT OF AS A PAIN IN THE ASS IT IS EERIE TO SEE TIMES SQUARE EMPTY OF PEOPLE AND TRAFFIC OR TO SEE NEW YORKERS WAITING IN SUBWAY ENTRANCES FOR THE ALL CLEAR. THE BLOG HAS FILM OF A ATTACK DRILL IN NYC WITH AIR RAID SIRENS HOWLING THROUGH THE CANYONS OF NYC ONLY A FEW POSTS BACK SO CHECK IT OUT!
(BELOW)BEFORE FALLOUT SHELTER SIGNS THIS WAS THE PUBLIC SHELTER SIGN SOME REMAIN AROUND NYC TO THIS DAY
THE MOCK NATIONAL ATTACK THAT OCCURED IN 1956 WITH MORE NYC FOOTAGE THAN OTHER FEATURED NEWSCLIPS, SHOWS UPTOWN (42nd street? )SUBWAY STOP ,NEW YORKERS BEING RUSHED INTO SHELTERS BY NYPD .AND AT THE END OF THE NEWSREEL NO OTHER CITY WAS GIVEN A "MOCK" DEATH TOLL EXCEPT NYC ! CHECK IT OUT FOR THE MOCK AMOUNT OF VAPORIZED NYC RESIDENTS, THESE DRILLS WERE QUITE COMMON IN THE 1950s AND EVEN THEN NYC HAD ITS SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL THINKERS WHO PROTESTED THESE EXERCISES, ALSO NYC WAS AND STILL IS THE CITY USED FOR RUSSIANS TO ATTACK AND BOMB IN THESE DRILLS AND IS USED IN FILMS, AND OTHER CIVIL DEFENSE PROPAGANDA ALSO HOLLYWOOD FILMS, BUT IT WOULD TAKE MORE THAN A NUCLEAR ATTACK TO SLOW DOWN THE AVERAGE NEW YORKER!
LOOK FOR OTHER POSTS ON THIS BLOG THERE ARE PLENTY OF OTHER FOOTAGE,PICTURES,ETC OF THESE COLD WAR DRILLS. CHECK EM OUT!
(BELOW)IT JUST WOULDN'T BE NYC UNLESS SOMEONE WAS PROTESTING THIS ATTACK DRILL , EVEN THOUGH THE U.S. WAS VERY ANTI - COMMUNIST AND MOST SUPPPORTED THESE DRILLS A HANDFUL OF PEOPLE DECIDED TO BOYCOTT AND DEMONSTRATE DURING THE DRILL AND WERE PROMPTLY ARRESTED
BELOW OPERATION 1955 IS THE FIRST NEWSREEL FOLLOWED BY OPERATION ALERT 1956 WITH NYCs DEATH TOLL
BELOW IS THE ACTUAL NYC CONELRAD RADIO BROADCAST HEARD IN NEW YORK CITY DURING OPERATION ALERT DRILL TELLING LISTENERS TO TURN THEIR RADIOS TO 640 AND 1240 ON THEIR RADIOS MAYOR WAGNER GIVES IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON HOW TO SURVIVE A ATOMIC ATTACK AS WELL AS CITYWIDE UPDATES FROM CIVIL DEFENSE POSTS A VERY RARE RECORDING FROM CONELRAD.COM
TIMES SQUARE NYC EMPTY DURING A UNKNOWN OPERATION ALERT DRILL WITH CIVIL DEFENSE WARDEN STANDING WATCH
HERE WE SEE NEW YORK CITY'S TIMES SQUARE DURING A BUSINESS DAY THE AMOUNT OF PEOPLE THAT PARTICIPATED IN THESE DRILLS WAS IN THE THOUSANDS HUNDREDS OF. I CANNOT IMAGINE HOW NEW YORK CITY WOULD OF FARED IN A REAL ATTACK FAST FORWARD TO THE 60S AND ON THERE WOULD BE NO TIMELY WARNING AVAILABLE AND IT WOULD ALMOST MAKE THINGS WORSE TO EVEN WARN PEOPLE TO SEEK SHELTER WITH A FEW MINUTES WARNING IN THE AGE OF MISSILES LAUNCHED VIA SUBMARINES.
HERE WE SEE NEW YORK CITY'S TIMES SQUARE DURING A BUSINESS DAY THE AMOUNT OF PEOPLE THAT PARTICIPATED IN THESE DRILLS WAS IN THE THOUSANDS HUNDREDS OF. I CANNOT IMAGINE HOW NEW YORK CITY WOULD OF FARED IN A REAL ATTACK FAST FORWARD TO THE 60S AND ON THERE WOULD BE NO TIMELY WARNING AVAILABLE AND IT WOULD ALMOST MAKE THINGS WORSE TO EVEN WARN PEOPLE TO SEEK SHELTER WITH A FEW MINUTES WARNING IN THE AGE OF MISSILES LAUNCHED VIA SUBMARINES.
ALONG WITH VARIOUS PROTESTS A PRIEST STANDS IN THE MIDDLE OF ONE OF MANHATTANS USUALLY BUSY AVENUES AND PRAYS FOR PEACE ALONE |
IN THE END CIVIL DEFENSE ONCE A VERY BACKED PLAN FROM MAYOR TO GOVERNOR OF NEW YORK WAS ABANDONED IN PLACE BY THE MAYORS OF THE LATE 1960S - 1980S THE THOUGHT OF NEW YORKERS RUSHING IN PANIC THRU STREETS ALREADY CONGESTED TO FIND REFUGE UNDER A 60 FLOOR BUILDING THAT IN ALL LIKELIHOOD WOULD WIND UP IN A 60 FLOOR DEBRIS PILE DOOMING THOSE IN THE SHELTER TO BE ENTOMBED AND IF THAT DID NOT FINISH US OFF FIRESTORMS CREATED FROM THE TARGET PACKAGE THAT THE SOVIETS HAVE PLANNED FOR THE TRI STATE NEW YORK AREA WOULD NOT ALLOW A LIVING THING TO SURVIVE FOR HUNDREDS OF MILES AROUND THE POPULATED AND MANUFACTURING AREAS OF METROPOLITAN NYC, IN ONE TARGET PACKAGE I SAW NYC RECIEVED NO LESS THAN 8 PROBABLY 20 MEGATON WARHEADS LONG ISLAND WAS COVERED ALL THE WAY TO THE TWIN FORKS NEW JERSEY EVERY INDUSTRIAL AREA AND INFRASTRUCTURE WAS TARGETED FROM NORTHERN TO SOUTHERN N.J. SAME AS CONNECTICUT ESPECIALLY AROUND THE US NAVY SUBMARINE BASE AT GROTON, AND EVEN IF THAT DID NOT HAPPEN THE TARGET PLAN FOR WASHINGTON D.C. WOULD HAVE SUCH A LETHAL RADIATION DOSE THAT WOULD FOLLOW THE WINDS UP THE COAST TO NYC AND THAT WOULD BE THE END OF LIFE. THE MORE INFORMATION NYC MAYORS GOT ABOUT THE REALITIES IT SEEMED A WORTHLESS EXPENDITURE. NYC WAS ALMOST BANKRUPT IN 1975 WHEN FORD TOLD THE CITY TO DROP DEAD, ITS INFRASTRUCTURE WAS FALLING APART CIVIL DEFENSE WAS THE LAST THING ON THEIR MIND, SO THE SHELTERS WERE ABANDONED IN PLACE WITH LANDLORDS THROWING OUT RATIONS IN THE GARBAGE FOR THE LAST 40 YEARS, BUT THE ONE THING THAT WILL LAST AND PROBABLE OUTLAST US IS THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF FALLOUT SHELTER SIGNS THAT ARE TACKED ON BUILDINGS THROUGHOUT NYC AND NOBODY HAS REMOVED THEM SO THEY WILL BE THERE FOR YEARS TO COME.
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